{"id":77,"date":"2008-03-24T16:41:49","date_gmt":"2008-03-24T08:41:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/?p=76"},"modified":"2010-12-02T06:31:07","modified_gmt":"2010-12-02T06:31:07","slug":"ajax%e4%b9%8b%e8%a1%a8%e5%8d%95%e5%8d%b3%e6%97%b6%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/?p=77","title":{"rendered":"AJAX\u4e4b\u8868\u5355\u5373\u65f6\u9a8c\u8bc1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6700\u8fd1\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u6bd4\u8f83\u706b\u70ed\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5173\u4e8eWEB2.0\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dAJAX\u53c8\u662fWEB2.0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002AJAX\u662fAsynchronous JavaScript and XML \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6216\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u51e0\u9879\u6280\u672f\u6309\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u5728\u540c\u5171\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u62ec
\u4f7f\u7528XHTML\u548cCSS\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5448\u73b0\uff1b
\u4f7f\u7528DOM\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u663e\u793a\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff1b
\u4f7f\u7528XML\u548cXSLT\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\uff1b
\u4f7f\u7528XMLHttpRequest\u8fdb\u884c\u5f02\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\uff1b
\u6700\u540e\u7528JavaScript\u7ed1\u5b9a\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\uff1b <\/span>
Ajax\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5728\u7528\u6237\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u52a0\u4e86\u2014\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u5f02\u6b65\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u628a\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u62c5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8f6c\u5ac1\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5229\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u95f2\u7f6e\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u8282\u7ea6ISP\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ca\u5e26\u5bbd\u79df\u7528\u6210\u672c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002
\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e24\u4e2a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u884c\u8bc1\u5e10\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bb2\u8ff0AJAX\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1a
(1) \u7528\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7f51\u6613\u901a\u884c\u8bc1\u5e10\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff1b
(2) \u4ee5XMLDocument\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u91d1\u5c71\u901a\u884c\u8bc1\u5e10\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff1b <\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7528JavaScript\u6765\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest \u7c7b\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c XMLHttpRequest \u7c7b\u9996\u5148\u7531Internet Explorer\u4ee5ActiveX\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aXMLHTTP\u3002 \u540e\u6765Mozilla\u3001Netscape\u3001Safari \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86XMLHttpRequest\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8eInternet Explorer\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest \u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n

xmlhttp_request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP.3.0"); \/\/3.0\u62164.0, 5.0
xmlhttp_request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
xmlhttp_request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u540cInternet Explorer\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2dXMLHTTP\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684Internet Explorer\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684Internet Explorer\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6765\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u662f\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Internet Explorer\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8eMozilla\u3001Netscape\u3001Safari\u7b49\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest \u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n

xmlhttp_request = new XMLHttpRequest(); <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u6ca1\u6709XML mime-type header\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9bMozilla\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u7684header\u4e0d\u662ftext\/xml\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u5b83\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fee\u6539\u8be5header\u3002 <\/p>\n

xmlhttp_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
xmlhttp_request.overrideMimeType('text\/xml'); <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u517c\u5bb9\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5199\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a <\/p>\n

try{
if( window.ActiveXObject ){
for( var i = 5; i; i– ){
try{
if( i == 2 ){
xmlhttp_request = new ActiveXObject( "Microsoft.XMLHTTP" );
}else{
xmlhttp_request = new ActiveXObject( "Msxml2.XMLHTTP." + i + ".0" );
}
xmlhttp_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text\/xml");
xmlhttp_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","gb2312");
break;}
catch(e){
xmlhttp_request = false;
}
}
}else if( window.XMLHttpRequest ){
xmlhttp_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
if (xmlhttp_request.overrideMimeType) {
xmlhttp_request.overrideMimeType('text\/xml');
}
}
}catch(e){
xmlhttp_request = false;
} <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e86\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7c7b\u7684open()\u548csend()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a <\/p>\n

xmlhttp_request.open('GET', URL, true);
xmlhttp_request.send(null); <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

open()\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662fHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014GET\uff0cPOST\u6216\u4efb\u4f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6240\u652f\u6301\u7684\u60a8\u60f3\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u6309\u7167HTTP\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u8981\u5927\u5199\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668(\u5982Firefox)\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u8bf7\u6c42\u9875\u9762\u7684URL\u3002
\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5f02\u6b65\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662fTRUE\uff0cJavaScript\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f"AJAX"\u4e2d\u7684"A"\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u7528JavaScript\u6765\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest \u7c7b\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u5f53\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u544a\u8bc9HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61\u7528\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2aJavaScript\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684onreadystatechange\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684JavaScript\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u540d\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a <\/p>\n

xmlhttp_request.onreadystatechange =FunctionName; <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

FunctionName\u662f\u7528JavaScript\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u540d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u8981\u5199\u6210FunctionName()\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06JavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u5728onreadystatechange\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a <\/p>\n

xmlhttp_request.onreadystatechange = function(){
\/\/ JavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5
}; <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u3002\u9996\u5148\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u5df2\u7ecf\u6536\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u54cd\u5e94\u3002XMLHttpRequest \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86readyState\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u3002 <\/p>\n

readyState\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
0 (\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316)
1 (\u6b63\u5728\u88c5\u8f7d)
2 (\u88c5\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6bd5)
3 (\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e2d)
4 (\u5b8c\u6210) <\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u53ea\u6709\u5f53readyState=4\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u5df2\u7ecf\u6536\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n

if (http_request.readyState == 4) {
\/\/ \u6536\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94
} else {
\/\/ \u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94
} <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5f53readyState=4\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u5df2\u7ecf\u6536\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u3002\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d6\u503c\u53ef\u53c2\u89c1W3C\u6587\u6863\u3002\u5f53HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u4e3a200\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u72b6\u6001\u6b63\u5e38\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5728\u68c0\u67e5\u5b8c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff1a <\/p>\n

(1) \u4ee5\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94
(2) \u4ee5XMLDocument\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94 <\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e00\uff1a \u7528\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7f51\u6613\u901a\u884c\u8bc1\u5e10\u53f7\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 <\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u767b\u9646\u7f51\u6613\u901a\u884c\u8bc1\u6ce8\u518c\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u68c0\u6d4b\u7528\u6237\u540d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u540d\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9checkssn.jsp\u9875\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a
reg.163.com\/register\/checkssn.jsp?username=\u7528\u6237\u540d <\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u9762\u8bb2\u5230\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528AJAX\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u7f51\u6613\u901a\u884c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u540d\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eXhtml\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u5728<head>\u533a\u57df\u63d2\u5165Javascript\u51fd\u6570\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n

<script type="text\/javascript" language="javascript">
function getXMLRequester( ){
var xmlhttp_request = false;
try{
if( window.ActiveXObject ){
for( var i = 5; i; i– ){
try{
if( i == 2 ){
xmlhttp_request = new ActiveXObject( "Microsoft.XMLHTTP" );
}else{
xmlhttp_request = new ActiveXObject( "Msxml2.XMLHTTP." + i + ".0" );
xmlhttp_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text\/xml");
xmlhttp_request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","gb2312");
}
break;}
catch(e){
xmlhttp_request = false;
}
}
}else if( window.XMLHttpRequest ){
xmlhttp_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
if (xmlhttp_request.overrideMimeType) {
xmlhttp_request.overrideMimeType('text\/xml');
}
}
}catch(e){
xmlhttp_request = false<\/p>\n

;
}
return xmlhttp_request ;
} <\/p>\n

function IDRequest(n) {\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684JavaScript\u51fd\u6570
url=n+document.getElementById('163id').value;\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u7f51\u5740\u53c2\u6570
xmlhttp_request=getXMLRequester();\/\/\u8c03\u7528\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest\u7684\u51fd\u6570
xmlhttp_request.onreadystatechange = doContents;\/\/\u8c03\u7528doContents\u51fd\u6570
xmlhttp_request.open('GET', url, true);
xmlhttp_request.send(null);
}
function doContents() {
if (xmlhttp_request.readyState == 4) {\/\/ \u6536\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94
if (xmlhttp_request.status == 200) {\/\/HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u503cOK
document.getElementById('message').innerHTML = xmlhttp_request.responseText;
\/\/\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5199\u5230\u9875\u9762\u4e2dID\u4e3amessage\u7684\u533a\u57df
} else {
alert(http_request.status);
}
}
}
<\/script><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728<body>\u533a\u57df\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6846\uff0cid\u4e3a163id <\/p>\n

<input type="text" id="163id" onpropertychange="IDRequest('http:\/\/reg.163.com\/register\/checkssn.jsp?username=')" \/> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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<div id="message"><\/div> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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pass.kingsoft.com\/ksgweb\/jsp\/login\/uid.jsp?uid=\u7528\u6237\u540d,\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd4\u56deXML\u6570\u636e: <\/p>\n

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes" ?>
<response>
<method>isExistedUid<\/method>
<result>-2<\/result>
<\/response> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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\u5bf9\u4e0a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u627e\u5230 <\/p>\n

document.getElementById('message').innerHTML = xmlhttp_request.responseText; <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u6539\u4e3a: <\/p>\n

var response = xmlhttp_request.responseXML.documentElement;
var result = response.getElementsByTagName('result')[0].firstChild.data;\/\/\u8fd4\u56deresult\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u636e
if(result ==-2){
document.getElementById('message').innerHTML = "\u7528\u6237\u540d"+document.getElementById('163id').value+"\u5c1a\u672a\u6ce8\u518c";
}
else if(result ==-1){
document.getElementById('message').innerHTML = "\u5bf9\u4e0d\u8d77,\u7528\u6237\u540d"+document.getElementById('163id').value+"\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ce8\u518c";
} <\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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