| \u4efb\u52a1\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u00a0sched.h<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n top\u00a0\u7684man\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n Listed below are top’s available fields.\u00a0\u00a0They are always associated with the\u00a0\u00a0letter\u00a0\u00a0shown,\u00a0\u00a0regardless\u00a0\u00a0of the position you may have established for them with the\u00a0‘o’ (Order fields) interactive command.Any field is selectable as the sort field, and you control whether they are\u00a0\u00a0sorted high-to-low\u00a0\u00a0or\u00a0\u00a0low-to-high.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0For\u00a0\u00a0additional\u00a0\u00a0information on sort provisions see\u00a0\u00a0topic 3c. TASK Area Commands.<\/p>\n a: PID\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Process Id<\/p>\n The task’s unique process ID, which periodically wraps, though never\u00a0\u00a0restarting at zero.<\/p>\n b: PPID\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Parent Process Pid<\/p>\n The process ID of a task’s parent.<\/p>\n c: RUSER\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Real User Name<\/p>\n The real user name of the task’s owner.<\/p>\n d: UID\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0User Id<\/p>\n The effective user ID of the task’s owner.<\/p>\n e: USER\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0User Name<\/p>\n The effective user name of the task’s owner.<\/p>\n f: GROUP\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Group Name<\/p>\n The effective group name of the task’s owner.<\/p>\n g: TTY\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Controlling Tty<\/p>\n The\u00a0\u00a0name of the controlling terminal.\u00a0\u00a0This is usually the device (serial port, pty, etc.) from which the process was started, and which it uses\u00a0\u00a0for\u00a0\u00a0input\u00a0\u00a0oroutput.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0However,\u00a0\u00a0a task need not be associated with a terminal, in which case you’ll see ‘?’ displayed.<\/p>\n h: PR\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Priority<\/p>\n The priority of the task.<\/p>\n i: NI\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Nice value<\/p>\n The nice value of the task.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0A\u00a0\u00a0negative\u00a0\u00a0nice\u00a0\u00a0value\u00a0\u00a0means\u00a0\u00a0higher\u00a0\u00a0priority, whereas\u00a0\u00a0a\u00a0\u00a0positive nice value means lower priority.\u00a0\u00a0Zero in this field simply means priority will not be adjusted in determining a task’s dispatchability.<\/p>\n j: P\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Last used CPU (SMP)<\/p>\n A number representing the last used processor.\u00a0\u00a0In a true SMP\u00a0\u00a0environment\u00a0\u00a0this will likely change frequently since the kernel intentionally uses weak affinity. Also, the very act of running top may break this weak affinity\u00a0\u00a0and\u00a0\u00a0cause\u00a0\u00a0more processes\u00a0\u00a0to change CPUs more often (because of the extra demand for cpu time).<\/p>\n k: %CPU\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0CPU usage<\/p>\n The task’s share of the elapsed CPU time since the last screen update, expressed as a percentage of total CPU time.\u00a0\u00a0In a true SMP environment, if ‘Irix mode’ is Off, top will operate in ‘Solaris mode’ where a task’s cpu usage will be divided by\u00a0\u00a0the\u00a0\u00a0total\u00a0\u00a0number\u00a0\u00a0of\u00a0\u00a0CPUs.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0You toggle ‘Irix\/Solaris’ modes with the ‘I’ interactive command.<\/p>\n l: TIME\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0CPU Time<\/p>\n Total CPU time the task has used since it started.\u00a0\u00a0When\u00a0\u00a0‘Cumulative\u00a0\u00a0mode’\u00a0\u00a0is On,\u00a0\u00a0each\u00a0\u00a0process is listed with the cpu time that it and its dead children has used.\u00a0\u00a0You toggle ‘Cumulative mode’ with ‘S’, which is a command-line option and an interactive command.\u00a0\u00a0See the ‘S’ interactive command for additional information regarding this mode.<\/p>\n m: TIME+\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0CPU Time, hundredths<\/p>\n The same as ‘TIME’, but reflecting more granularity through hundredths of a sec\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ond.<\/p>\n n: %MEM\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Memory usage (RES)<\/p>\n A task’s currently used share of available physical memory.<\/p>\n o: VIRT\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Virtual Image (kb)<\/p>\n The total amount of virtual memory used by the task.\u00a0\u00a0It includes all code, data and shared libraries plus pages that have\u00a0\u00a0been\u00a0\u00a0swapped\u00a0\u00a0out.\u00a0\u00a0(Note:\u00a0\u00a0you\u00a0\u00a0can define\u00a0\u00a0the STATSIZE=1 environment variable and the VIRT will be calculated from the \/proc\/#\/state VmSize field.)<\/p>\n VIRT = SWAP + RES.<\/p>\n p: SWAP\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Swapped size (kb)<\/p>\n The swapped out portion of a task’s total virtual memory image.<\/p>\n q: RES\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Resident size (kb)<\/p>\n The non-swapped physical memory a task has used.<\/p>\n RES = CODE + DATA.<\/p>\n r: CODE\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Code size (kb)<\/p>\n The amount of physical memory devoted to executable\u00a0\u00a0code,\u00a0\u00a0also\u00a0\u00a0known\u00a0\u00a0as\u00a0\u00a0the’text resident set’ size or TRS.<\/p>\n s: DATA\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Data+Stack size (kb)<\/p>\n The\u00a0\u00a0amount of physical memory devoted to other than executable code, also known the ‘data resident set’ size or DRS.<\/p>\n t: SHR\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Shared Mem size (kb)<\/p>\n The amount of shared memory used by a task.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0It\u00a0\u00a0simply\u00a0\u00a0reflects\u00a0\u00a0memory\u00a0\u00a0that could be potentially shared with other processes.<\/p>\n u: nFLT\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Page Fault count<\/p>\n The\u00a0\u00a0number\u00a0\u00a0of\u00a0\u00a0major\u00a0\u00a0page faults that have occurred for a task.\u00a0\u00a0A page fault occurs when a process attempts to read from or write to a virtual page\u00a0\u00a0that\u00a0\u00a0is not\u00a0\u00a0currently\u00a0\u00a0present\u00a0\u00a0in\u00a0\u00a0its address space.\u00a0\u00a0A major page fault is when disk access is involved in making that page available.<\/p>\n v: nDRT\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Dirty Pages count<\/p>\n The number of pages that have been modified since\u00a0\u00a0they\u00a0\u00a0were\u00a0\u00a0last\u00a0\u00a0written\u00a0\u00a0to disk.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Dirty\u00a0\u00a0pages\u00a0\u00a0must\u00a0\u00a0be written to disk before the corresponding physical memory location can be used for some other virtual page.<\/p>\n w: S\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Process Status<\/p>\n The status of the task which can be one of:<\/p>\n ‘D’ = uninterruptible sleep<\/p>\n ‘R’ = running<\/p>\n ‘S’ = sleeping<\/p>\n ‘T’ = traced or stopped<\/p>\n ‘Z’ = zombie<\/p>\n Tasks shown as running should be more properly thought of as ‘ready to run’\u00a0\u00a0–their\u00a0\u00a0task_struct is simply represented on the Linux run-queue.\u00a0\u00a0Even without a true SMP machine, you may see numerous tasks in this state\u00a0\u00a0depending\u00a0\u00a0on\u00a0\u00a0top’s delay interval and nice value.<\/p>\n x: Command\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Command line or Program name<\/p>\n Display the command line used to start a task or the name of the associated program.\u00a0\u00a0You toggle between command line and name with ‘c’, which is both\u00a0\u00a0a\u00a0\u00a0command-line option and an interactive command. When\u00a0\u00a0you’ve\u00a0\u00a0chosen\u00a0\u00a0to display command lines, processes without a command line (like kernel threads) will be shown with only the program name\u00a0\u00a0in\u00a0\u00a0parentheses, as in this example:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0( mdrecoveryd ) Either\u00a0\u00a0form\u00a0\u00a0of\u00a0\u00a0display is subject to potential truncation if it’s too long to fit in this field’s\u00a0\u00a0current\u00a0\u00a0width.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0That\u00a0\u00a0width\u00a0\u00a0depends\u00a0\u00a0upon\u00a0\u00a0other\u00a0\u00a0fields\u00a0\u00a0selected, their order and the current screen width.<\/p>\n Note: The ‘Command’ field\/column is unique, in that it is not fixed-width.\u00a0\u00a0When displayed, this column will be allocated all remaining screen width (up\u00a0\u00a0to\u00a0\u00a0the maximum\u00a0\u00a0512\u00a0\u00a0characters)\u00a0\u00a0to\u00a0\u00a0provide for the potential growth of program names into command lines.<\/p>\n y: WCHAN\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Sleeping in Function<\/p>\n Depending on the availability of the kernel link map (‘System.map’), this\u00a0\u00a0field will\u00a0\u00a0show\u00a0\u00a0the\u00a0\u00a0name or the address of the kernel function in which the task is currently sleeping.\u00a0\u00a0Running tasks will display a dash (‘-‘) in this column.<\/p>\n Note: By displaying this field, top’s own working set will be increased by\u00a0\u00a0over 700Kb.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Your\u00a0\u00a0only\u00a0\u00a0means of reducing that overhead will be to stop and restart\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0top.<\/p>\n z: Flags\u00a0\u00a0—\u00a0\u00a0Task Flags<\/p>\n This column represents the task’s current scheduling flags which\u00a0\u00a0are\u00a0\u00a0expressed in\u00a0\u00a0hexadecimal\u00a0\u00a0notation and with zeros suppressed.\u00a0\u00a0These flags are officially documented in <linux\/sched.h>.\u00a0\u00a0Less formal documentation can also be\u00a0\u00a0found\u00a0\u00a0on the ‘Fields select’ and ‘Order fields’ screens.<\/p>\n \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u00a0\u00a0PID\u3001USER\u3001PR\u3001NI\u3001VIRT\u3001RES\u3001SHR\u3001S\u3001%CPU\u3001%MEM\u3001TIME+\u3001COMMAND\u00a0\u00a0\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n 2.1\u00a0\u7528\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u66f4\u6539\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
\n\uff081\uff09\u66f4\u6539\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0f\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n \u6309\u00a0f\u00a0\u952e\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5217\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6309\u00a0a-z\u00a0\u00a0\u5373\u53ef\u663e\u793a\u6216\u9690\u85cf\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5217\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n \uff082\uff09\u6309o\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u5217\u7684\u663e\u793a\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n \u6309\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u00a0a-z\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5217\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u5199\u7684\u00a0A-Z\u00a0\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5217\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n \u6309\u5927\u5199\u7684\u00a0F\u00a0\u6216\u00a0O\u00a0\u952e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u00a0a-z\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6309\u7167\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u800c\u5927\u5199\u7684\u00a0\u00a0R\u00a0\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5012\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u8fd4\u56de\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e09.\u00a0\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n \u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003MAN\u00a0\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5217\u4e3e\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n \u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n top [-] [d] [p] [q] [c] [C] [S]\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0[n]<\/p>\n \u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n d\uff1a\u00a0\u00a0\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e24\u6b21\u5c4f\u5e55\u4fe1\u606f\u5237\u65b0\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528s\u4ea4\u4e92\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u4e4b\u3002<\/p>\n p\uff1a\u00a0\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u76d1\u63a7\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u6765\u4ec5\u4ec5\u76d1\u63a7\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n q\uff1a\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u5c06\u4f7ftop\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u5237\u65b0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48top\u5c06\u4ee5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u9ad8\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n S\uff1a\u00a0\u6307\u5b9a\u7d2f\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n s\u00a0\uff1a\u00a0\u4f7ftop\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u53bb\u9664\u4ea4\u4e92\u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n i\uff1a\u00a0\u00a0\u4f7ftop\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u4efb\u4f55\u95f2\u7f6e\u6216\u8005\u50f5\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n c\uff1a\u00a0\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u6574\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u540d<\/p>\n \u5728top\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u663e\u793a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ea4\u4e92\uff1a<\/p>\n \u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n Help for Interactive Commands – procps version 3.2.7<\/p>\n Window 1:Def: Cumulative mode Off.\u00a0\u00a0System: Delay 4.0 secs; Secure mode Off.<\/p>\n Z,B\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Global: ‘Z’ change color mappings; ‘B’ disable\/enable bold<\/p>\n l,t,m\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Toggle Summaries: ‘l’ load avg; ‘t’ task\/cpu stats; ‘m’ mem info<\/p>\n 1,I\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Toggle SMP view: ‘1’ single\/separate states; ‘I’ Irix\/Solaris mode<\/p>\n f,o\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0. Fields\/Columns: ‘f’ add or remove; ‘o’ change display order<\/p>\n F or O\u00a0\u00a0. Select sort field<\/p>\n <,>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0. Move sort field: ‘<‘ next col left; ‘>’ next col right<\/p>\n R,H\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0. Toggle: ‘R’ normal\/reverse sort; ‘H’ show threads<\/p>\n c,i,S\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0. Toggle: ‘c’ cmd name\/line; ‘i’ idle tasks; ‘S’ cumulative time<\/p>\n x,y\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0. Toggle highlights: ‘x’ sort field; ‘y’ running tasks<\/p>\n z,b\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0. Toggle: ‘z’ color\/mono; ‘b’ bold\/reverse (only if ‘x’ or ‘y’)<\/p>\n u\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0. Show specific user only<\/p>\n n or #\u00a0\u00a0. Set maximum tasks displayed<\/p>\n k,r\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Manipulate tasks: ‘k’ kill; ‘r’ renice<\/p>\n d or s\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Set update interval<\/p>\n W\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Write configuration file<\/p>\n q\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Quit<\/p>\n ( commands shown with ‘.’ require a visible task display window )<\/p>\n Press ‘h’ or ‘?’ for help with Windows,<\/p>\n h\u6216\u8005?\u00a0\u00a0:\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\u753b\u9762\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u603b\u7ed3\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n k\u00a0\u00a0\uff1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u9700\u8981\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u752815\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f\u90a3\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u53f79\u5f3a\u5236\u7ed3\u675f\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\u4fe1\u53f715\u3002\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u88ab\u5c4f\u853d\u3002<\/p>\n i\uff1a\u5ffd\u7565\u95f2\u7f6e\u548c\u50f5\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u5173\u5f0f\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n q\uff1a\u00a0\u00a0\u9000\u51fa\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n 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→<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[59],"class_list":["post-393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-xxbj","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/393\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cnmiss.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} 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